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When the Civic Becomes Extreme: accounting for far-right groups' readiness for action in Romania (2023-2024)
10.58367/NECY.2025.3.5.161-198
This paper begins by observing that contemporary grassroots Romanian far‑right groups have a penchant for taking action, going beyond speeches and imagery and into the field of voluntary political activism. This activism is rooted in a securitizing discourse that drives far‑right groups to defend themselves against perceived threats. This paper asks: how can we empirically and theoretically account for the contemporary grassroots Romanian far‑right groups’ affinity for security‑infused actions? Methodologically, the research employs ethnographic tools alongside historical and discourse analysis. The ‘actionism’ of the Romanian far right is in tune with middle‑class calls for civic engagement. It also serves as a means of supplying security in response to a perceived deficient state. This paper draws three arguments from the empirical and theoretical analysis of Romanian groups: first, far‑right action seeks to legitimise violence as spectacle; second, far‑right activism aims to permeate mainstream liberal politics; and third, far‑right actions and events create temporary zones where fascist futures are enacted.
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