The paper focuses on the struggle between different understandings of nationality policies and the international revolutionary role of the Moldovan ASSR in 1924, in the process of the establishment of the republic and the struggle for power in the region. The paper will trace how a group with a more modest vision of the revolutionary role of the Moldovan ASSR turned out to be successful. It will argue that the role of the Soviet Ukrainian leadership was crucial in the choice of the leading group and the direction of the nationality policies and its international dimension in the Moldovan ASSR.